Paddy Procurement Automation System (PPAS) developed by CSM Tech for the Odisha government is a model that shows how decentralized procurement can be done in a transparent manner. Business Standard reports that the keystone of this process is a highly automated system of farmers' registration which is matched with the land records and then multiplied with the average yield of the area to figure out the amount of surplus paddy that a farmer can sell. PPAS is a system of decentralized procurement with centralised payment method.